Development of the UK Travel and Tourism Industry from 1960...
P4/M2
P4 met Development in the T&T Industry over the past 50 years:
Technology
Introduction of jet aircraft
Lifestyle and leisure changes
Opening of the Channel Tunnel
Introduction of the Euro
The internet and Expedia
High Speed Rail network
Privatisation of British Rail
Package holidays
Merger of Thomas Cook and First Choice
Growth of cruise holidays
AJW
Since the 1960's the Travel and Tourism industry has developed increasingly.This is because different aspects of the industry have been improved therefore the Travel and Tourism industry has succeeded. Over the years, there are many things that have changed and been added and improved in the industry such as technology and transport improvements. Since the 1970 when the internet was first ever created, a lot of travel agents have closed down due to people booking their holidays and trips online. Before the internet was created everyone who wanted to book a holiday they would have to book through a travel agent but today a lot of the travel companies have merged together because some of the independent travel agents wouldn't be able to stay open if they wasun't merged together.
The second world war was a negative thing that happened but there was one positive outcome of it. This was the rapid advance in aircraft technology. In the 1950's, comet aircrafts were used but it was not until the faster and more reliable Boeing 707 jets were introduced in 1958 that the countries began to see the advantages and the possibility of air travel becoming more and more popular with the population. In the 1960's, they saw a surge in demand for scheduled and charter flights. This is when they put together packages that are famiiliar to the population today that include accommodation, transfers and courier services. By having different type of flights that go across the world, it has helped the travel industry loads because it is allowed the population to go away for holidays or shorts breaks and other different reasons and it is also bringing in to the country alot of money,
Recently, changes in the Lifestyle and Leisure department have increased because nowadays people are not supposed to get underpaid because there is now a law that says you are entitled to at least 20 days off a year therefore you are able to do more things outside of work and participate in more leisure activities. People have more time to spend on holidays because the working week has reduced in the past 50 years from 40 hours a week to 36 hours a week. There are more labour saving devices in the home such as dishwashers, washing machines and microwaves which means that people have more free time to travel and visit attractions. Additionally people have higher standards and aspirations as televisions and the media promote travel to luxury destinations in exotic destinations.
The Channel Tunnel opened in 1994, around the same time as the National Lottery started. There are 2 separate tunnels which are based next to each other. One is for cars and the other is a railway for the trains to pass through. On 2 different occasions there was a fire in a lorry shuttle which has damaged the tunnel. One took place in 1996 and the other recently in 2008. Also in 2008 the Eurostar trains where stranded in the tunnel due to the melting snow affecting the trains electricals. The Channel Tunnel is good because it is a quick and easier way for people want to take their cars overseas to France and back. It is also good for the Eurostar which is used by business people and travellers who want fast and easy access to France and Belgium by train.
The euro will become legal if they aren't already in these 12 different countries; Germany, France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, The Netherlands, Luxembourg,Italy, Greece, Finland, Austria and Ireland. You can tell the euro apart because the eight coins are different in size, different weights,the material is diffrent, colour, edge and thickness. The euro is designed like this so it allows the blind and the visually impaired to tell the coins apart from other coins such as pounds. The euro has helped travelling within Europe as travellers can use the same currency throughout the Eurozone and also the euro is a currency the alot of people can understand the value of.
The Expedia company was first started off by 2 men named Rich Barton and Lloyd Frind. The Expedia, Inc company is a parent company and it is an internet-based travel reservation web site.The Expedia company is located in the US and it has over 90 localized sites for a number of different countries and the website is also the single largest provider for hotel bookings all over the world. The website contains over 130,000 hotels and hundreds of different airlines, tour operators, car rental companies and destination services. There are now alot more internet Tour Operators therefore it is having a huge impact on high street Travel Agents because alot of them are having to shut down due to loss of profit. Now people have computers at home they are able to access the internet therefore they are booking their holidays online. This has also led to the development of alot of internet travel agencies and booking agencies such as icelolly, travelzoo, booking.com and lastminute.com.
High-speed rail is developing in Europe as an increasingly popular and effective way of transport. The first high-speed rail lines i Europe were built in the 1980s and 1990. Since then, several countries have built widespread high-speed networks, and there are now numerous cross-border high-speed rail links.High speed trains are a type of passenger train travel that functions at a speed much higher than that of traditional passenger trains. This type of transport has helped the travel and tourism industry because it is allowing people to travel to different places at a cheaper price than flight prices. Currently in the UK HS2 is being proposed and this will decrease the travel time from London to Manchester to 1 1/2 hours. However there is alot of opposition to building a new rail line as it will disrupt peoples lives who live on the route of the railway line.
The Privatisation of the British Rail was first introduced towards the end of the 1980's. In the beginning they were part of the Public sector because they were owned by the government. Since the 1980's the rails have been split up and they are now in separate groups of trains and they are now a Private Limited Company. Companys such as Virgin are successfully operating the route between Manchester and London and people are very happy with the service they provide as they wish to make their rail service just like their airline.
Thomson Holidays were the first ever tour operators to introduce package holidays. A package holiday allows people to go away on holidays and it requires cheaper flights and accommodation all together. Since package holidays was very successful alot more of the tour operators have now started to put together and sell package holidays because it is better for the consumer because everything is provided for them for one price. However with the rise of the internet many travellers are moving away from packages to purchasing parts of their holidays separately.
Thomson holidays and First Choice decided to merge together because nowadays people are booking their holidays online therefore if they stayed at independent tour operators they would lose out on money so to increase their profitability they decided to merge together so their money income doesnt decrease. People have decided to trust the internet and book their holidays online because they see it as a quicker and easier way to book it than to sit in the travel agents for hours. There are many fewer tour operators now than 10 years ago as mergers and fewer people booking package holidays with them have meant less profit. Thomson is now part of TUI which is a large German owned tour operator.
The growth of Cruising have increased alot since the 1960's because they have no split into different cruises such as the Caribbean. They have done this because now the cruises can appeal to everybody and they are also one of the fastest selling holidays and also you wont have to keep switching cruises to go to different places. Cruises have become more popular over the years because on a cruise you can take your luggage with you and you dont have to get off. Since the 1960, Crusing has become very popular and is now one of the fastest growing industrys in Travel. People like to go on cruises because they to visit loads of different destinations and experiance new things.
Over the next 50 years I am sure that the current travel industry will keep changing as technical and economic changes keep taking place.
The second world war was a negative thing that happened but there was one positive outcome of it. This was the rapid advance in aircraft technology. In the 1950's, comet aircrafts were used but it was not until the faster and more reliable Boeing 707 jets were introduced in 1958 that the countries began to see the advantages and the possibility of air travel becoming more and more popular with the population. In the 1960's, they saw a surge in demand for scheduled and charter flights. This is when they put together packages that are famiiliar to the population today that include accommodation, transfers and courier services. By having different type of flights that go across the world, it has helped the travel industry loads because it is allowed the population to go away for holidays or shorts breaks and other different reasons and it is also bringing in to the country alot of money,
Recently, changes in the Lifestyle and Leisure department have increased because nowadays people are not supposed to get underpaid because there is now a law that says you are entitled to at least 20 days off a year therefore you are able to do more things outside of work and participate in more leisure activities. People have more time to spend on holidays because the working week has reduced in the past 50 years from 40 hours a week to 36 hours a week. There are more labour saving devices in the home such as dishwashers, washing machines and microwaves which means that people have more free time to travel and visit attractions. Additionally people have higher standards and aspirations as televisions and the media promote travel to luxury destinations in exotic destinations.
The Channel Tunnel opened in 1994, around the same time as the National Lottery started. There are 2 separate tunnels which are based next to each other. One is for cars and the other is a railway for the trains to pass through. On 2 different occasions there was a fire in a lorry shuttle which has damaged the tunnel. One took place in 1996 and the other recently in 2008. Also in 2008 the Eurostar trains where stranded in the tunnel due to the melting snow affecting the trains electricals. The Channel Tunnel is good because it is a quick and easier way for people want to take their cars overseas to France and back. It is also good for the Eurostar which is used by business people and travellers who want fast and easy access to France and Belgium by train.
The euro will become legal if they aren't already in these 12 different countries; Germany, France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, The Netherlands, Luxembourg,Italy, Greece, Finland, Austria and Ireland. You can tell the euro apart because the eight coins are different in size, different weights,the material is diffrent, colour, edge and thickness. The euro is designed like this so it allows the blind and the visually impaired to tell the coins apart from other coins such as pounds. The euro has helped travelling within Europe as travellers can use the same currency throughout the Eurozone and also the euro is a currency the alot of people can understand the value of.
The Expedia company was first started off by 2 men named Rich Barton and Lloyd Frind. The Expedia, Inc company is a parent company and it is an internet-based travel reservation web site.The Expedia company is located in the US and it has over 90 localized sites for a number of different countries and the website is also the single largest provider for hotel bookings all over the world. The website contains over 130,000 hotels and hundreds of different airlines, tour operators, car rental companies and destination services. There are now alot more internet Tour Operators therefore it is having a huge impact on high street Travel Agents because alot of them are having to shut down due to loss of profit. Now people have computers at home they are able to access the internet therefore they are booking their holidays online. This has also led to the development of alot of internet travel agencies and booking agencies such as icelolly, travelzoo, booking.com and lastminute.com.
High-speed rail is developing in Europe as an increasingly popular and effective way of transport. The first high-speed rail lines i Europe were built in the 1980s and 1990. Since then, several countries have built widespread high-speed networks, and there are now numerous cross-border high-speed rail links.High speed trains are a type of passenger train travel that functions at a speed much higher than that of traditional passenger trains. This type of transport has helped the travel and tourism industry because it is allowing people to travel to different places at a cheaper price than flight prices. Currently in the UK HS2 is being proposed and this will decrease the travel time from London to Manchester to 1 1/2 hours. However there is alot of opposition to building a new rail line as it will disrupt peoples lives who live on the route of the railway line.
The Privatisation of the British Rail was first introduced towards the end of the 1980's. In the beginning they were part of the Public sector because they were owned by the government. Since the 1980's the rails have been split up and they are now in separate groups of trains and they are now a Private Limited Company. Companys such as Virgin are successfully operating the route between Manchester and London and people are very happy with the service they provide as they wish to make their rail service just like their airline.
Thomson Holidays were the first ever tour operators to introduce package holidays. A package holiday allows people to go away on holidays and it requires cheaper flights and accommodation all together. Since package holidays was very successful alot more of the tour operators have now started to put together and sell package holidays because it is better for the consumer because everything is provided for them for one price. However with the rise of the internet many travellers are moving away from packages to purchasing parts of their holidays separately.
Thomson holidays and First Choice decided to merge together because nowadays people are booking their holidays online therefore if they stayed at independent tour operators they would lose out on money so to increase their profitability they decided to merge together so their money income doesnt decrease. People have decided to trust the internet and book their holidays online because they see it as a quicker and easier way to book it than to sit in the travel agents for hours. There are many fewer tour operators now than 10 years ago as mergers and fewer people booking package holidays with them have meant less profit. Thomson is now part of TUI which is a large German owned tour operator.
The growth of Cruising have increased alot since the 1960's because they have no split into different cruises such as the Caribbean. They have done this because now the cruises can appeal to everybody and they are also one of the fastest selling holidays and also you wont have to keep switching cruises to go to different places. Cruises have become more popular over the years because on a cruise you can take your luggage with you and you dont have to get off. Since the 1960, Crusing has become very popular and is now one of the fastest growing industrys in Travel. People like to go on cruises because they to visit loads of different destinations and experiance new things.
Over the next 50 years I am sure that the current travel industry will keep changing as technical and economic changes keep taking place.